Rapid, efficient and eco-friendly procedure for the synthesis of quinoxalines under solvent-free conditions using sulfated polyborate as a recyclable catalyst

Abstract

An efficient and inexpensive sulfated polyborate catalyst was applied for the rapid synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives from various substituted o-phenylenediamines and 1,2-diketones/α-hydroxy ketones using sulfated polyborate is described. The catalyst has the advantage of Lewis as well as Bronsted acidity and recyclability without significant loss in catalytic activity. The key advantages of the present method are high yields, short reaction times, solvent-free condition, easy workup, and ability to tolerate a variety of functional groups, which give economical as well as ecological rewards.