Abstract
BackgroundThe inflammatory or non-inflammatory changes caused by the virus entering the nervous system and related tissues are central nervous system virus infections. Viral infection is a common infectious disease of the central nervous system, of which herpes simplex virus encephalitis is the most common. However, conventional laboratory techniques to detect an infectious agent are difficult to achieve etiological diagnosis.Case presentationHere we present a patient with severe and progressive encephalitis, requiring diagnosis of the specific pathogen to guide clinical treatments.ConclusionsApplication of next-generation sequencing provided a quick and definite diagnosis of the etiology of encephalitis and enabled our patient to be treated appropriately.
Highlights
The inflammatory or non-inflammatory changes caused by the virus entering the nervous system and related tissues are central nervous system virus infections
On the 28th day after admission, a repeated Computed tomography (CT) scan of the brain showed the following: 1, the hemorrhages and densities in right frontal lobe and left temporal lobe were decreased; 2, a new massive brain hemorrhage in the left occipitoparietal and left basal ganglia, and hematoma broken into side ventricles were observed; 3, the midline deviated from the falx cerebri to the right side; 4, subarachnoid hemorrhage (Fig. 5a, b)
Sample collection and information The patient with clinically suspected viral encephalitis admitted to second hospital of Hebei medical university in August 2016 was included in this study
Summary
Encephalitis is a complicated clinical syndrome for which current diagnostic testing of infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic causes often yields no identifiable etiology. A repeated CT scan of the brain, performed approximately 20 days later, showed the range of the hypodense lesion in the bilateral temporal lobes was increased, and hemorrhage within the left lower temporal lobe hypodense lesion, compared with the previous CT scan (Fig. 4b). On the 28th day after admission, a repeated CT scan of the brain showed the following: 1, the hemorrhages and densities in right frontal lobe and left temporal lobe were decreased; 2, a new massive brain hemorrhage in the left occipitoparietal and left basal ganglia, and hematoma broken into side ventricles were observed; 3, the midline deviated from the falx cerebri to the right side; 4, subarachnoid hemorrhage (Fig. 5a, b). Members abandoned treatment on day 46 after admission, and the patient died after discharge
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