Raising the legal age for purchase and use of tobacco to 21 years: A step towards tobacco endgame in India

Abstract

BackgroundGlobally, policies to counter targeting of young people by the tobacco industry have proven to be effective and a key determinant of reducing the magnitude of tobacco epidemic. This paper presents a case for increasing the minimum legal age to access tobacco to 21 years in India. MethodWe analysed the two rounds of nationally representative Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data: GATS-1 (2009–10) and GATS-2 (2016–17). We segregated data for two categories of tobacco consumption (smokers and smokeless tobacco users) at the age of initiation (<18, 18–21 and >21 years) and analysed for their consumption patterns found during the time of the survey (current daily, current less than daily, former and ever users) from GATS-2 (2016–17). Further, we compared the projections from the sub-national level analysis for youth initiating tobacco use before 21 years and change in the prevalence of overall underage tobacco users between the two survey rounds. ResultNearly 77% of smokers and 75% smokeless tobacco users in India initiate tobacco use before or until the age of 21 years. Many large, most populous and high tobacco prevalence states had higher than national mean (14.1%) of youth initiating into tobacco use before 21 years. Overall, as compared to GATS-1, there is a perceptible increase in the prevalence of underage tobacco use in most states. ConclusionGlobal best practices and the significant number of young tobacco users in India call for increasing the age of access to tobacco from the current 18 years to 21 years. This will help in reducing the overall adult tobacco use prevalence in the longer run in India.