Raised Serum Adenosine Deaminase Level in Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Vineet Kumar Khemka,Oishimaya Sen,Arindam Ghosh,Sasanka Chakrabarti,Anindita Banerjee,Aritri Bir,Debajit Bagchi

doi:10.1155/2013/404320

Vineet Kumar Khemka, Oishimaya Sen + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/404320

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Abstract

The role of inflammation being minimal in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in nonobese patients; the aim of the study was to investigate the role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and see its association with diabetes mellitus. The preliminary case control study comprised of 56 cases and 45 healthy controls which were age and sex matched. 3 mL venous blood samples were obtained from the patients as well as controls after 8–10 hours of fasting. Serum ADA and routine biochemical parameters were analyzed. Serum ADA level was found significantly higher among nonobese T2DM subjects with respect to controls (38.77 ± 14.29 versus 17.02 ± 5.74 U/L; P < 0.0001). Serum ADA level showed a significant positive correlation with fasting plasma glucose (r = 0.657; P < 0.0001) level among nonobese T2DM subjects, but no significant correlation was observed in controls (r = −0.203; P = 0.180). However, no correlation was observed between serum ADA level compared to BMI and HbA1c levels. Our study shows higher serum ADA, triglycerides (TG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in nonobese T2DM patients, and a strong correlation between ADA and FPG which suggests an association between ADA and nonobese T2DM subjects.

Highlights

The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasing globally, and according to a study by World Health Organization, 300 million patients might be afflicted by the disease by 2030 with the prevalence in developing countries like India and China being estimated to cross 228 million [1, 2]
Obesity is not always linked to T2DM as ascertained by studies that indicate that the Asian T2DM phenotype is commonly less obese when defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) and around 20% of north European T2DM cases are of the nonobese type [3, 4]
There was no significant difference in age and sex distribution in either of the two groups while BMI showed a statistical significance between nonobese T2DM and control subjects (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are increasing globally, and according to a study by World Health Organization, 300 million patients might be afflicted by the disease by 2030 with the prevalence in developing countries like India and China being estimated to cross 228 million [1, 2]. A sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy food habits, and the consequent obesity related complications are responsible for the T2DM cases shooting out to epidemic proportions worldwide. Obesity is not always linked to T2DM as ascertained by studies that indicate that the Asian T2DM phenotype is commonly less obese when defined by Body Mass Index (BMI) and around 20% of north European T2DM cases are of the nonobese type [3, 4]. Immunological disturbances involving the cell mediated immune system and improper T-lymphocyte function contribute to the pathophysiology of T2DM [5]

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