Radioprotective effects of gallic acid on bone marrow cells in mice

Abstract

To investigate the radioprotective effect of gallic acid(GA) on mouse bone marrow cells. Healthy male ICR mice were randomly divided into saline control group, GA control group, X-ray irradiation group and GA protection group, with 10 mice in each group. X-ray irradiation group and normal saline control group were given 0.01 mL/g normal saline gavage, GA control group and GA protection group were given 200 mg/kg GA(20 mg/mL) gavage once a day for 14 consecutive days. On the 15 th day, 4 X-ray irradiation groups and 4 GA protection groups were given one-time X-ray irradiation to the whole body of the mice, and the absorbed doses were 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 Gy, respectively. The saline control group and the GA control group were not irradiated. After irradiation, detected the whole blood catalase(CAT), superoxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA) and micronucleus frequency of polychromatic erythrocyte in bone marrow(MN-PCE), and use flow cytometry to detect bone marrow cell cycle, early apoptosis rate and late apoptosis rate. The CAT activities in the serum of mice in the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 Gy GA protection groups were 2.13, 1.74, 1.49 and 1.15 U/mL, respectively, which were significantly increased compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.01). SOD activities were 184.69, 156.92, 139.17 and 107.15 U/mL, which were significantly increased compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.01). The contents of MDA were 3.92, 4.20, 6.32 and 9.31 nmol/mL, which were significantly lower than those of the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.05, P<0.01). The bone marrow MN-PCE rate of the mice in the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 Gy GA protection groups were 4.35‰, 8.00‰, 12.90‰ and 3.80‰, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.01). The proportions of G_0/G_1 phase cells of bone marrow cells in the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 Gy GA protection group were 81.00%, 86.28%, 92.04% and 93.15%, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.01). The proportions of G_2/M phase cells were 4.51%, 3.05%, 2.35% and 1.81%, which were significantly increased compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.05, P<0.01). The proportions of S phase cells were 15.32%, 11.36%, 5.96% and 4.92%, which were significantly increased compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.01). The early apoptosis rate of bone marrow cells of mice in the 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 Gy GA protection groups were 3.32%, 8.96%, 12.11% and 2.26%, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.01). The late apoptosis rates of bone marrow cells were 7.21%, 11.73%, 17.11% and 19.36%, which were significantly reduced compared with the corresponding X-ray irradiation group(P<0.05, P<0.01). GA can reduce the oxidative damage, DNA damage and bone marrow cell cycle arrest of the bone marrow cells of radiation-damaged mice, inhibit the apoptosis of bone marrow cells, and have radioprotective effects on the bone marrow cells of mice.