Abstract
Contrast media (CM) are frequently used in diagnostic radiology and in radiotherapy as a diagnostic tool and in treatment planning. Previous studies have demonstrated that these compounds induce chromosomal aberrations. This study evaluates the mutagenic effects induced by the contrast medium Urografina® 292 (meglumine amidotrizoate and sodium-ionic dimmer) in bone marrow cells (BMC) of mice in vivo. Micronuclei assay was performed in BMC of CF-1 mice injected with CM 1.5 and 3.0 mL/kg intravenous doses and 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 mL/kg intraperitoneal doses. The animals were beheaded 24 h after treatment by cervical dislocation, and femur BMC from each animal were used in the micronucleus test. The group treated with the highest intravenous injection of Urografina® 292 (3.0 mL/kg) presented an increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in relation at the control group (P<0.05). The results obtained after intraperitoneal administration of CM showed that all doses (1.0 mL/kg, 2.0 mL/kg and 3.0 mL/kg) increased the frequency of MNPCEs, being significantly different from the negative control (P< 0.01). The present results suggest that iodinated contrast media Urografina® 292 may cause a significant increase of cytogenetic damage in bone marrow cells of mice.
Highlights
Contrast media (CM) are widely used to enhance the contrast of body structures or fluids in medical imaging such as angiography, computed tomography, among others, especially the visibility of blood vessels and of gastrointestinal system structures (Araújo 2007)
The results showed that Urografina® 292 significantly increased the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCEs) in both male and female mice treated with doses of 14.3 and 20.0 mL/kg body weight, respectively
The clastogenic effect of Urografina® 292 was analyzed by determining the frequency of micronuclei formation in bone marrow cells
Summary
Contrast media (CM) are widely used to enhance the contrast of body structures or fluids in medical imaging such as angiography, computed tomography, among others, especially the visibility of blood vessels and of gastrointestinal system structures (Araújo 2007). In recent times CM has increasingly become the object of research, in an attempt to assist the evaluation of organs and soft tissues when testing for diagnostic imaging. Urografina® 292 (meglumine amidotrizoate and sodium-ionic dimmer), the focus of this study, is a dimeric ionic contrast with high osmolality. Ionic iodinated CM is dissociated in ions when dissolved, and its osmolality is higher than that of so-called non-ionic compounds, which do not dissociate into electrically-loaded particles (Juchem and Dall’agnol 2007). Some chemical and physical properties of CM, like density, number of atoms of iodine per milliliter of solution, viscosity and osmolality, are related to their efficacy and safety
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