RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PEDIATRIC SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN CENTRAL INDIA

Abstract

Objective: Hearing dysfunction is the most common sensory deficit in children. If hearing is lost, especially in children's, it may have a huge impact on life, interfering with the acquisition of spoken language and social development. It is therefore important to detect any abnormalities at an early age. Patients with complaint of inability to hear since birth attending ENT OPD, M.Y.H Hospital, Indore and patients referred to M.Y.H hospital from district hospitals with inability to hear since birth were evaluated clinically and audiometry was done. Patients with SNHL fulfilling the inclusion criteria were considered and their radiological evaluation was done. High resolution computed tomography scan (HRCT) of temporal bone were used in radiological evaluation of patients with congenital sensorineural. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at a tertiary care centre Maharaja Yashwantrao Holkar (MYH) hospital and Mahatma Gandhi Memorial Medical College (MGMMC), Indore in the Department of otorhinolaryngology and head & neck surgery. Cases with hearing loss from 1 to 16 years of age were selected. A detailed medical history with primary focus on inability to hear was obtained with emphasis on previous hospital stays, developmental delay, maternal history, family history. Complete ENT examination was done. Our study included a total 30 children. All chil Results: dren were between 1-16 years of age with sensorineural hearing loss. Majority 11(36.67%) of the participated in the study were between 5-8 years of age. Cochlear anomaly was found in 03(10%) patients. Cochlea was found normal in 27(90%) on both the ears, 03(10%) child had hypoplastic cochlea bilaterally, none were with aplastic cochlea. Vestibular anomaly was seen normal in 28(93.33%) patients on bilateral side. 02(6.67%) patients were present with dysplastic vestibule. SSC was found dysplastic/malformed in 04(13.33%) patients who had dysplastic/malformed semicircular canal. Conclusion: The selection of candidates for hearing aid trials and cochlear implantation requires consideration of a variety of clinical, audiological and radiological factors. Imaging is a fundamental part of the preoperative workup, it provides the surgeon with details which will lead him to a successful cochlear implantation with no or minimal complications. HRCT temporal bone provided us the information about the presence of various inner ear malformations including cochlea, vestibule, SCC, IAC. Mastoid, pneumatization, variations in vascular anatomy which included forward lying sigmoid sinus and high riding jugular bulb. All these findings are important for a detection of cause of SNHL in patients.