Cochlear Implantation in Deaf Children

Abstract

A cochlear implant (CI) is a hearing device introduced in the 1980s for profoundly deaf subjects who gained little or no benefit from powerful hearing aids. This device comprises an electrode array inserted in the cochlea, connected to an internal receiver, and an externally worn speech processor. The CI transforms acoustic signals into electrical currents which directly stimulate the auditory nerve. Since the early 1990s, cochlear implantation in children has been developing rapidly. Although it is still difficult to predict how a child will perform with a cochlear implant, the success of cochlear implantation can no longer be denied. In this paper, some recent papers and reports, and the results of the various Nijmegen cochlear implant studies, are reviewed. Issues about selection, examinations, surgery and the outcome are discussed. Overall, our results were comparable with those of other authors. It can be concluded that cochlear implantation is an effective treatment for postlingually deaf as well as prelingually (congenital or acquired) deaf children with profound bilateral sensorineural deafness.