Radiological aspects of solvent dissolution of gall-stones

Abstract

Twenty-five patients were referred for solvent dissolution of gall-stones using methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). All patients were assessed beforehand by ultrasound and oral cholecystography. Computed tomography was performed in 23 patients to assess stone calcification and gall-bladder anatomy. Successful stone dissolution was achieved in 15 patients and partial dissolution in six patients. Failure to catheterize the gall-bladder occurred in four patients. There were four biliary leaks, two requiring cholecystectomy. The CT appearances of the gall-bladder may have predicted problems with catheterization in three of the four cases, and the results suggest that cover of the gall-bladder by the liver of greater than 50% is a favourable predictor of successful catheterization. A thick-walled gall-bladder and excess fat between the liver and the lateral abdominal wall are adverse predictors of successful gall-bladder catheterization. Both tubography and ultrasound should be used to assess progress of dissolution. Newer, more effective solvents together with increased expertise in interventional techniques may encourage the more widespread use of solvent dissolution of gall-stones as an alternative to surgery in a selected population.