Abstract
Radioguided sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection is applied in the management of several urogenital malignancies. International guidelines recommend SLN detection in men with penile cancer and increased risk of nodal metastases. For several other urogenital malignancies, SLN detection is considered experimental: prostate cancer, testicular cancer, bladder cancer, and renal cancer. Largest series are published on prostate cancer management. No randomized studies are available for review. Although SLN detection was shown to provide detection of nodal metastases outside standard nodal dissection templates in prostate and bladder cancer, the lack of standard methodology and definitions of SLN may explain why SLN detection is still considered experimental. Only few studies discuss the use of SLN detection in renal and testicular cancer. With improved intraoperative imaging modalities, better anatomical localization of SLN in particular in the retroperitoneum is feasible. This may boost the design of appropriately designed prospective comparative trials to study the oncological benefit of SLN detection in urogenital malignancies.
Published Version
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