Abstract
In vitro antioxidant activities of the lipid fractions from two selected seaweeds, Solieria chordalis and Sargassum muticum were investigated according to the extraction methods. The activity of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids, thanks to extraction by chloroform/methanol (1/1 v/v; CM) mixture, pure supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2), supercritical carbon dioxide with 2% of ethanol (sc-CO2 + EtOH 2%) and supercritical carbon dioxide with 8% of ethanol as co-solvent (sc-CO2 + EtOH 8%), were studied using DPPH radical scavenging assays. All the lipid classes demonstrated a free radical scavenging activity at the concentration of 1 mg/ml. The best scavenging activity (86.6 ± 5.7%) was obtained when the neutral lipid fraction was extracted from S. chordalis with a CM mixture. The neutral lipid fraction extracted with sc-CO2 showed a lower activity than those obtained with solvents. However, the addition of ethanol in sc-CO2 did not affect the antioxidant activity of neutral lipids fixed at around 16% of radical scavenging. For S. muticum, the activity of glycolipids (50.9 ± 0.8%) and phospholipids (48.4 ± 1.6%) obtained with sc-CO2 were twice as large as that of fractions obtained with CM, 29.6 ± 3.4% and 28.0 ± 4.2%, respectively. The activity of neutral lipids did not change with the extraction method with around 25% of radical scavenging. This is the first report of free radical scavenging activity of lipid classes obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction from seaweeds.
Highlights
Macro-algae or seaweed are photosynthetic-like plants that form biomass in intertidal zones and at the seabed
In vitro antioxidant activities of the lipid fractions from two selected seaweeds, Solieria chordalis and Sargassum muticum were investigated according to the extraction methods
The present study aimed to investigate the free radical scavenging properties of lipid classes extracted from two different seaweeds, Solieria chordalis and Sargassum muticum, from Brittany’s coast according to conventional and eco-friendly methods
Summary
Macro-algae or seaweed are photosynthetic-like plants that form biomass in intertidal zones and at the seabed. According to the literature (FAO, 2017), the total weight of commercial seaweeds and aquatic plants in the world was 30.5 million tons in 2015, representing a $ 4 billion market. 96% of these species are harvested from aquaculture and are mainly used for the hydrocolloid extraction (FAO, 2016). Some seaweeds or seaweed extracts possess an INCI name and are used for their properties. Red seaweeds from Chondrus, Palmaria or Gelidium genera and green seaweeds like Ulva or Enteromorpha are used for emollient, humectant, masking, soothing, smoothing or for skin conditioning and skin protecting properties (Bedoux et al, 2014). The main seaweeds used in cosmetics are brown seaweeds especially from the Laminariaceae and Fucaceae families
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