Abstract
Inward flow radial and mixed flow turbines are effectively utilized in both turbochargers and small gas turbine auxiliary power units (APU’s), where moderately high levels of efficiency can be readily attained with simple cast components, less sensitive to blade endgap clearances than axial turbines. This paper first provides an overview of radial turbine performance characteristics for turbocharger and gas turbine applications as basically influenced by specific speed, reaction, velocity ratio, and rotor tip to exducer root mean square (RMS) diameter ratio. Since turbine rotor mass and inertia play important roles in structural integrity and engine acceleration characteristics, the effects of rotor blade solidity on turbine efficiency are then discussed based upon past research, and supported by analysis of a one dimensional friction model of the rotor passage. Finally the effects of rotor reaction on radial turbine flow versus pressure characteristics are examined pertinent to engine matching requirements.
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