Abstract
Objective: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the commonest causative agent of Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI). Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa towards disinfectants and antibiotics is high when compared to other organisms. There are various reviews on antibacterial effect of herbal extracts and nanoparticles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, this study aims to prove the effectiveness of bacteriocin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which may help in benefiting the health care center by replacing normal disinfectants.
 Methods: 100 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from different patients, with a study period of 6 mo. Ammonium sulfate precipitation method was used to extract bacteriocin and its efficiency was checked by paper disc diffusion assay. Biofilm formation assay and quorum sensing analysis was performed by Microtitre plate methods and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), respectively.
 Results: In this study, 91%of P. aeruginosa strains were strong, 8% were intermediate, and 1% were weak biofilm producers. From TLC analysis, 67% of the strains produced Acyl Homoserine Lactone molecules. Out of which, 49% has shown unknown analytes of Retardation factor (Rf) value greater than 1. The Rf values identified were 3 unsubstitutedC4 (5%), 3 unsubstituted C6 (4%), 3 oxo C8 (3%), 3 oxo C4 (3%), 3 oxo C6 (2%), 3 oxo C1 (1%). Biofilm production, before and after bacteriocin exposure, was proved significant by paired t-test.
 Conclusion: Quorum sensing was confirmed to play a major role in biofilm formation. As bacteriocin was found to be effective in controlling the biofilm formation, it can be incorporated in any disinfectant, which helps in controlling the transmission of infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Highlights
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-fermentative, aerobic, gram negative rod that normally lives in moist environments
As bacteriocin was found to be effective in controlling the biofilm formation, it can be incorporated in any disinfectant, which helps in controlling the transmission of infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Further studies can be in the area of using bacteriocins to support antibiotics in vivo because of the emergence of multi drug resistant and extreme drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Summary
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-fermentative, aerobic, gram negative rod that normally lives in moist environments. It has minimal nutritional requirements while being able to use several organic compounds. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is typically an opportunistic pathogen that seldom causes disease in healthy subjects. It causes infection by disturbing the physical barriers (skin or mucous membranes) [2]. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is generally a nosocomial pathogen in accordance to data collected from the centre for Disease Control and prevention National nosocomial infection surveillance system in the USA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa sometimes causes life-threatening disease due to its resistance towards antibiotics [3]. There is always an association between a pathogenic organism and biofilm formation
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