Abstract

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (ssb) is mathematically tied to some limit, but must physically occur, approximately, before the limit. Approximate ssb has been independently understood for Schrödinger operators with double well potential in the classical limit (Jona-Lasinio et al, 1981; Simon, 1985) and for quantum spin systems in the thermodynamic limit (Anderson, 1952; Tasaki, 2019). We relate these to each other in the context of the Curie–Weiss model, establishing a remarkable relationship between this model (for finite NN) and a discretized Schrödinger operator with double well potential.

Highlights

  • Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is mathematically tied to some limit, but must physically occur, approximately, before the limit

  • We have established a link between the quantum Curie–Weiss Hamiltonian and a 1d

  • Schrödinger operator describing a particle in a symmetric double well potential for ħ h > 0, where ħ h = 1/N

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Summary

Introduction

Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) is mathematically tied to some limit, but must physically occur, approximately, before the limit. Approximate SSB has been independently understood for Schrödinger operators with double well potential in the classical limit [1, 2] and for quantum spin systems in the thermodynamic limit [3, 4]. We relate these to each other in the context of the Curie–Weiss model, establishing a remarkable relationship between this model (for finite N) and a discretized Schrödinger operator with double well potential

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