Quantum dots@layered double hydroxides: Emerging nanocomposites for multifaceted applications

Abstract

Nanomaterials have fascinated experts across numerous fields owing to their intriguing properties and wide-ranging applications. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and quantum dots (QDs) are fascinating nanomaterials renowned for their versatility in various consumer products. LDHs are multifunctional two-dimensional nanostructures, whereas QDs are semiconductor nanocrystals with exceptional electronic features. This review explores the synergistic combination of LDHs and QDs in QDs@LDH nanocomposites exploitable across numerous applications. Diverse technologies have been used to customize their morphological and structural features, including ultrasonication, LbL self-assembly, chemical reduction, photochemical processing, microwave-assisted synthesis, and hydro/solvothermal methods. We emphasize the increased surface area, tunable optical properties, improved stability, and enhanced catalytic performance of QDs@LDH nanocomposites that unlock a myriad of biomedical, sensor, energy storage and conversion, optoelectronic, catalytic, environmental, flame retardant, anti-fake detection, paper protection and forensic applications. Mechanistic insights into defect engineering, charge transfer mechanisms, and QD-LDH interactions are provided, elucidating the underlying principles of these nanocomposites’ behavior and functionality.