Abstract
The effects of the np2 configurations on interacting Rydberg series are studied by a simple graphic method that exploits the variation of the quantum defect of energy levels along the ioselectronic sequences of alkaline earths. Regularities and relationships between different isoelectronic sequences can thus be observed and perturbations can be identified; extrapolations and interpolations can then be done to check and to locate energy levels and their assignments and to understand term inversions. Extensive data are available for this purpose for the sequences of Be i and Mg i; Ca, Sr, and Ba will be treated summarily. Interpolated energy values of 3p2 1S0 for Al ii, S v, and Ar vii were obtained.
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