Abstract
Quantum Communication with Ultrafast Time-Bin Qubits
Highlights
Quantum communication is the branch of quantum technologies that deals with the distribution of quantum states of light to achieve a specific communication task
We use our experimental generation and detection setting to perform a proof-of-principle quantum key distribution (QKD) demonstration using the formalism of the decoy-state BB84 protocol [29–31], where the secret-key rate is the key metric of performance
Measurements done in different mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) yield uncorrelated results that are subsequently discarded in the sifting phase of the BB84 protocol
Summary
Quantum communication is the branch of quantum technologies that deals with the distribution of quantum states of light to achieve a specific communication task. Time-bin states can be straightforwardly generated using fast optical modulators, transmitted over long distances in fibers and free space [15,16], and can support highdimensional encoding [17] leading to a larger information capacity and an improved noise tolerance [18] Their detection remains challenging in terms of stability, efficiency, and flexibility. A promising pathway toward achieving improved interferometric stability consists of reducing the path difference of the time-delayed interferometer, reducing the time-bin separation time This requires the use of single-photon detectors with lower timing jitter. We propose and experimentally perform a proof-of-principle quantum communication experiment using ultrafast time bins [27], with a bin width of τ = 4.5 ps and complete encoding of the qubit in a 7-ps window These ultrafast time-bin states offer potential advantages by enabling the efficient generation and detection of time-bin states without necessitating active phase stabilization. In the superposition (phase) basis, we take advantage of the cross-phase modulation polarization switching to deliver a measurement efficiency for our scheme of 100%, in theory, compared to a measurement efficiency of 50% for standard time-delayed interferometery measurements, where noninterfering events give no information about the relative phase of time-bin superpositions
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