Abstract
Quantum logic gates are important for quantum computation and quantum information processing in numerous physical systems. Although time-bin qubits are suitable for quantum communication over optical fiber, many essential quantum logic gates for them have not yet been realized. Here, we demonstrated a controlled-phase (C-Phase) gate for time-bin qubits that uses a 2 × 2 optical switch based on an electro-optic modulator. A Hong–Ou–Mandel interference measurement showed that the switch could work as a time-dependent beam splitter with a variable splitting ratio. We confirmed that two independent time-bin qubits were entangled as a result of C-Phase gate operation with the switch.
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