Abstract
The non equilibrium internal state of a target, generated by the scattering of microscopic probes (neutrons, X-rays, light atoms) from the target ions, is discussed according to a quantum version of the Huygens diffraction principle. For fast collisions and elastic targets such state is found to be a multimode coherent (or Glauber) state of the phonons of the target. Its intrinsic uncertainty in energy and momentum reflects upon the probe differential cross section, whose expression coincides with the usual one.
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