Coherent quantum 1/f noise in samples of arbitrary shape

Abstract

Coherent quantum 1/f noise is the manifestation of the coherent quantum 1/f effect which, in turn, is a new aspect of quantum mechanics, like the quantum 1/f effect in general. However, while conventional quantum 1/f noise affects the cross sections and process rates of quantum mechanics, and requires the new notions of physical cross sections and process rates in order to describe the experimental situation, the closely related coherent quantum 1/f effect is different, although it has the same cause and is part of the same phenomenon. Its cause is the long range of the Coulomb potential, which causes the interaction representation generally used in quantum electrodynamics not to exist, and all the matrix widely used elements used not to exist either. If the long-range part of this interaction is included in the unperturbed hamiltonian, a new propagator with bifurcation point singularity, and a new notion of physical electron with a fuzzy mass shell emerges, with a coherent state of the electromagnetic field being part of the physical electron and causing the mass uncertainty. This yields fundamental quantum 1/f fluctuations in any electric current, and corresponds to the coherent states quantum 1/f effect introduced in 1983. The present paper shows how coherent quantum 1/f noise can be calculated with engineering formulas, without using quantum electrodynamics. It tries to construct a bridge between coherent quantum 1/f effect, dominant in large, well doped, semiconductor devices and samples, and the conventional effect, dominant in small devices and samples, with relatively few current carriers. This bridge is developed here starting from the coherent limit and extending towards the conventional quantum 1/f domain. It is based on a method to alter the well-known classical and quantum-mechanical Green functions in order to include the quantum 1/f effect, or what is left of it, even in smaller samples and devices.