Abstract
By starting from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) in a finite volume and then taking the infinite-volume limit, we suggest that there is a ''phase-transition'' phenomenon, which implies the existence of a long-range order in the vacuum for an infinite volume. This long-range order is represented by Lorentz scalars, because of relativistic invariance; such Lorentz scalars can in turn be identified with the phenomenological scalar fields used in a soliton (or bag) model of hadrons. In the phenomenological approach, a permanent quark confinement can be simply viewed as the vacuum of an infinite volume being a perfect ''dia-electric'' substance, with its dielectric constant kappa ..-->.. 0, while the ''vacuum'' inside a hadron is normal (kappa = 1), which may be identified as that of QCD for a finite volume. Inside the hadron, exchanges of gauge quanta between quarks give the QCD corrections to the soliton (or bag) model. Spectroscopy of light-quark hadrons is examined by expanding the hadron masses M in powers of the ''fine-structure constant'' ..cap alpha.. of QCD: M = M/sub 0/ + ..cap alpha..M/sub 1/ + ..cap alpha../sup 2/M/sub 2/ + ... . The near-zero mass of the pion is correlated with the existence of a critical value ..capmore » alpha../sub c/ in the mass formula, and the eta-eta' anomaly is associated with a large enhancement factor in the O (..cap alpha../sup 2/) quark-antiquark annihilation diagrams, due to coherence in the various color and flavor degrees of freedom.« less
Published Version
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