Quantum advantage of two-level batteries in the self-discharging process.

Abstract

Devices that use quantum advantages for storing energy in the degree of freedom of quantum systems have drawn attention due to their properties of working as quantum batteries (QBs). However, one can identify a number of problems that need to be adequately solved before the start of a real manufacturing process of these devices. In particular, it is important to pay attention to the ability of quantum batteries in storing energy when no consumption center is connected to them. In this paper, by considering quantum batteries disconnected from external charging fields and consumption center, we study the dissipative effects that lead to charge leakage to the surrounding environment. We identify this phenomena as a self-discharging of QBs, in analogy to the inherent decay of the stored charge of conventional classical batteries in a open-circuit configuration. The performance of QBs compared to the classical counterpart is highlighted for single- and multicell quantum batteries.