Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Seed Vigor in Soybean under -20 °C Storage and Accelerated Aging Conditions via RAD Sequencing.

Rongfan Wang,Fengqi Wu,Xianrong Xie,Cunyi Yang

doi:10.3390/cimb43030136

Rongfan Wang, Fengqi Wu + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43030136

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Abstract

Due to its fast deterioration, soybean (Glycine max L.) has an inherently poor seed vigor. Vigor loss occurring during storage is one of the main obstacles to soybean production in the tropics. To analyze the genetic background of seed vigor, soybean seeds of a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between Zhonghuang24 (ZH24, low vigor cultivar) and Huaxia3hao (HX3, vigorous cultivar) were utilized to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying the seed vigor under −20 °C conservation and accelerated aging conditions. According to the linkage analysis, multiple seed vigor-related QTLs were identified under both −20 °C and accelerated aging storage. Two major QTLs and eight QTL hotspots localized on chromosomes 3, 6, 9, 11, 15, 16, 17, and 19 were detected that were associated with seed vigor across two storage conditions. The indicators of seed vigor did not correlate well between the two aging treatments, and no common QTLs were detected in RIL populations stored in two conditions. These results indicated that deterioration under accelerated aging conditions was not reflective of natural aging at −20 °C. Additionally, we suggest 15 promising candidate genes that could possibly determine the seed vigor in soybeans, which would help explore the mechanisms responsible for maintaining high seed vigor.

Highlights

Accepted: 27 October 2021Seed vigor is a complex physiological trait, reflecting the comprehensive potentials of seed germination and normal seedling establishment under a wide range of adverse and stressful conditions, such as high temperature and moisture [1]
After 5 years of storage at −20 ◦ C, the germination rate and root length were rarely affected by seed aging, while the effects on shoot length and seedling fresh weight were remarkably different between the parents
To find the most promising candidate genes for seed vigor based on GO analysis, we focused on genetic variants belonging to high and moderate types for further study

Summary

Introduction

Seed vigor is a complex physiological trait, reflecting the comprehensive potentials of seed germination and normal seedling establishment under a wide range of adverse and stressful conditions, such as high temperature and moisture [1]. It is controlled by quantitative genetic factors, the initial condition of the seed, and biotic and abiotic factors during storage [2,3,4]. There is great variation of seed vigor in plant species including soybean [10,11,12,13] Those cultivars with better seed vigor that are tolerant of adverse conditions during storage would be important germplasm resources for higher soybean yields

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