Quantitative HPLC analysis of flavonoid in three different solvent extracts in leaves of Gynura procumbens

Abstract

In Malaysia, traditional folks call Gynura procumbens as Sambung nyawa or translated as longevity life. The name given might be because of the claim made by them that the leaves extracts seems to be valuable and possesses high theuraphatic potential treatment of various diseases. Extraction of the leaves have been conducted by many researchers to identify the properties for antidiabetic/antihyperglygemic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiimflammatory, antiulcer, anticancer, antiherpes and immunomodulatory. Extracts have been obtained using different solvent. Four alcoholic extracts and one water extract were studied separately. Soxhlet extraction was conducted in the following manner: plant material (3.0 g) was placed in the Soxhlet apparatus. Extraction process was carried out for three hours using 99.9% ethanol, methanol and water as a solvent (250 mL) until the solvent discoloration (3 hours). Yield of extraction techniques was determined by evaporating the solvent under vacuum using rotary evaporator. Previous research on solvent extraction of Gynura procumbens were also compared to whereby the methanol extract obtained by other researcher was 12.2%, ethanol extract with 14.73% and 27.83%. There is also one study extracting Gynura procumbens extracts via water, however the yield is not mentioned. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with ultra violet (UV) detector has been used for the separation and quantification of kaempferol from the Gynura procumbens leaves extract. Reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography separation was performed, using 0.1% phosphoric acid:acetonitrile as eluent in mobile phase. Our results confirm previous reports concerning the presence of several flavonoids.