Abstract
Objective. This research was to study the application value of real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) quantitative evaluation based on deep learning (DL) in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children. Methods. 60 children with pathological diagnoses of CKD were selected as a CKD group. During the same period, 45 healthy children for physical examination were selected as the control group. The application value of real-time shear-wave elastography based on DL in the evaluation of CKD in children was explored by comparing the differences between the two groups. Results. It was found that the elastic modulus values of the middle and lower parenchyma of the left kidney and right kidney in the case group were (22.02 ± 10.98) kPa and (21.99 ± 11.87) kPa, respectively, which were substantially higher compared with (4.61 ± 0.47) kPa and (4.50 ± 0.59) kPa in the control group. Young’s modulus (YM) of the middle and lower parenchyma of the left kidney in patients with CKD stages 3 to 5 was 13.27 ± 0.83, 24.21 ± 5.69, and 31.67 ± 3.82, respectively, and that of the right kidney was 17.26 ± 0.98, 26.76 ± 7.22, and 32.37 ± 4.27, respectively, and the difference was significant ( P < 0.05). In patients with moderate and severe CKD, the YM values of the middle and lower parenchyma of the left kidney were 17.27 ± 0.83, 27.93 ± 6.49, and those of the right kidney were 17.26 ± 0.98, 29.56 ± 6.49, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The serum creatinine (Scr) of the CKD group was substantially higher than that of the control group, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) level of the former was lower than that of the latter. However, there was no statistical difference between the YM values of the middle and lower parts of the left and right kidneys of the CKD group and the control group. Conclusion. The DL-based SWE is a new noninvasive, real-time, and quantitative detection method, which can effectively evaluate the stiffness of the kidney and help to better detect the progress of CKD as a clinical reference.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) refers to the pathological process of excessive damage and repair of the kidney due to various pathogenic factors, such as inflammation, damage, bacteria, and immunity, resulting in renal fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and even renal failure, and the course of disease often exceeds three months [1]
The patient should hold his/her breath, the maximum coronal long axis section of the kidney was taken, and shear wave elastic imaging was started. e tester breathed again and held his breath. e image was frozen after the elastic image was filled with more than two-thirds of the color and evenly distributed. e quantitative analysis of tissue elasticity was completed by Q-box, the test area was a circular graph that could adjust the size according to the demand, and the renal parenchyma area was placed under the renal capsule with the same diameter. en, the elastic value of the regional tissue was calculated by computer
There were 26 males and 19 females, aged 8.1 ± 2.01 years old, and the body mass index (BMI) was 21.28 ± 2.94. eir routine blood and urine tests, liver and kidney functions, electrocardiograms, and other tests were normal, and they had no history of diabetes, hypertension, heart failure, and other kidney diseases (Table 2). e CKD group was grouped according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and the detection results showed that there were 7 cases of CKD stage I, 8 cases of CKD stage II, and 15 cases of CKD stage III–V each
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) refers to the pathological process of excessive damage and repair of the kidney due to various pathogenic factors, such as inflammation, damage, bacteria, and immunity, resulting in renal fibrosis, renal insufficiency, and even renal failure, and the course of disease often exceeds three months [1]. It is one of the common types of pediatric urologic diseases. Once CKD progresses to end-stage renal disease, kidney replacement must be used for treatment, which is labor-intensive and expensive. It can lead to renal insufficiency and an inability
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