Quantitative assessment of transforming growth factor-β1 release from dentin matrix upon conditioning with ethylene diamine tetra-acetate, doxycycline hydrochloride, and propolis: An in vitro study.

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a key morphogen in regenerative endodontics that plays a central role in regulating cellular functions. Various chelating agents have been shown to release this growth factor upon conditioning. The objective of the study was to evaluate TGF-β1 release from the dentin matrix upon conditioning with ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (EDTA), doxycycline hydrochloride, and propolis. Forty-two human 3rd molar teeth were collected and coronal portion of the teeth was sectioned to obtain dentin blocks with dimensions 2 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm. The blocks were then randomly divided into three groups depending on the conditioning agent used; Group 1: 17% EDTA, Group 2: doxycycline hydrochloride (100 mg/mL), and Group 3: propolis (250 μg/mL). Conditioned blocks were placed in 0.5 mL of phosphate buffered saline and incubated for 1 week for quantification. Highest TGF-β1 release was noted for propolis (0.21 ng/mL), followed by doxycycline hydrochloride (0.18 ng/mL) and 17% EDTA (0.14 ng/mL). Doxycycline hydrochloride and propolis significantly enhanced the release of TGF-β1 from the dentin matrix compared to EDTA (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between doxycycline hydrochloride and propolis (P > 0.05). Doxycycline and propolis can be used as effective alternatives to EDTA during regenerative endodontic procedures.