Quantitative assessment of mechanical prosthetic valve area by 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography

Abstract

Objective: The goal of this study was to assess the geometric orifice area of mechanical valve prostheses by transesophageal 3-dimensional echocardiographic planimetry. Methods and Results: Currently used Doppler methods for prosthetic assessment (orifice area-Doppler) were compared with 3D planimetry for orifice area (orifice area-3D) and with manufacturer's values (orifice area-manufacturer) for the corresponding prosthesis types and sizes and with historical controls provided by Doppler literature (orifice area-literature). Twenty-four mechanical valve prostheses (in 22 patients) were studied: 13 in mitral position and 11 in aortic position. Orifice area-manufacturer, orifice area-Doppler, orifice area-literature, and orifice area-3D were 3.6 ± 1.1 cm 2, 2.3 ± 0.9 cm 2, 2.4 ± 0.9 cm 2, and 2.6 ± 0.7 cm 2, respectively. Orifice area-manufacturer values were significantly larger. Correlation coefficients between orifice area-3D and orifice area-manufacturer, and between orifice area-3D and orifice area-Doppler and orifice area-literature were 0.83, 0.90, and 0.73, respectively (all P < .0001). Conclusion: Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography is feasible and has good correlation with orifice area-Doppler (in aortic position) and good correlation with orifice area-manufacturer (in aortic and mitral positions) methods. (J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2001;14:723-31.)