Quantitative applications of mass spectrometry

Abstract

Preface. Acknowledgements. Introduction. 1 What Instrumental Approaches are Available. 1.1 Ion Sources. 1.1.1 Electron Ionization. 1.1.2 Chemical Ionization. 1.1.3 Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization. 1.1.4 Electrospray Ionization. 1.1.5 Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization. 1.1.6 Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization. 1.2 Mass Analysers. 1.2.1 Mass Resolution. 1.2.2 Sector Analysers. 1.2.3 Quadrupole Analysers. 1.2.4 Time-of-flight. 1.3 GC/MS. 1.3.1 Total Ion Current (TIC) Chromatogram. 1.3.2 Reconstructed Ion Chromatogram (RIC). 1.3.3 Multiple Ion Detection (MID). 1.4 LC/MS. 1.5 MS/MS. 1.5.1 MS/MS by Double Focusing Instruments. 1.5.2 MS/MS by Triple Quadrupoles. 1.5.3 MS/MS by Ion Traps. 1.5.4 MS/MS by Q-TOF. References. 2 How to Design a Quantitative Analysis. 2.1 General Strategy. 2.1.1 Project. 2.1.2 Sampling. 2.1.3 Sample Treatment. 2.1.4 Instrumental Analysis. 2.1.5 Method Validation. References. 3 How to Improve Specificity. 3.1 Choice of a Suitable Chromatographic Procedure. 3.1.1 GC/MS Measurements in Low and High Resolution Conditions. 3.1.2 LC/ESI/MS and LC/APCI/MS Measurements. 3.2 Choice of a Suitable Ionization Method. 3.3 An Example of High Specificity and Selectivity Methods: The Dioxin Analysis. 3.3.1 Use of High Resolution MID Analysis. 3.3.2 NICI in the Analysis of Dioxins, Furans and PCBs. 3.3.3 MS/MS in the Detection of Dioxins, Furans and PCBs. 3.4 An Example of MALDI/MS in Quantitative Analysis of Polypeptides: Substance P. References. 4 Some Thoughts on Calibration and Data Analysis. 4.1 Calibration Designs. 4.2 Homoscedastic and Heteroscedastic Data. 4.2.1 Variance Model. 4.3 Calibration Models. 4.3.1 Unweighted Regression. 4.3.2 Weighted Regression. 4.3.3 A Practical Example. 4.4 Different Approaches to Estimate Detection and Quantification Limits. References. Index.