Quantitative and qualitative analysis of alkaloids composition in the seeds of a white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) collection

Katarzyna Kamel,Paulina Wilczura,Zygmunt Kaczmarek,Wojciech Rybiński,Paweł Barzyk,Magdalena Kroc,Wojciech Święcicki

doi:10.1007/s10722-016-0473-1

Katarzyna Kamel, Paulina Wilczura

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-016-0473-1

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Abstract

White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) has unexploited potential as a crop plant due to its high seed yield as well as protein and oil content in seeds. Well-characterized collections of gene resources are very important for breeding as a source of genetic variation. This paper presents the results of analyses for total content and qualitative composition of alkaloids in seeds of 367 L. albus accessions from the Polish Genebank. Accessions were divided into four classes of origin: wild collected material, land races, breeding lines, and cultivars. Apart from the expected broad variation as well as strong differentiation in the alkaloid content, a clear influence of domestication was observed. This was shown as an apparent decrease in the alkaloid content in breeding lines and cultivars classes. The total alkaloid content varies from 0.02 to 12.73% of the seed dry weight. Six major alkaloids (abundance >1%) were revealed: lupanine (28.22–94.49%, mean 76.06% in total content), 13-hydroxylupanine (0.10–32.78%, mean 8.23%), multiflorine (0.00–21.67%, mean 5.52%), albine (0.00–18.55%, mean 4.48%), angustifoline (0.24–12.14%, mean 2.07%), 11,12-seco-12,13-didehydromultiflorine (0.00–12.28%, mean 1.74%). Owing to its abundance, lupanine was found to be the most closely correlated to the total alkaloid content.

Highlights

The genus Lupinus covers 275 species encompassing mostly small-seeded New World species and 13–15 large-seeded species of the Old World, including three lupin crops—L. albus L., L. angustifolius L., and L. luteus L. (Cardoso et al 2013; Cowling et al 1998a; Pascual 2004; Swiecicki et al 1996, 2001)
A very broad variation was obtained for the total as well as individual alkaloid content (Table 1-I)
The maximum contents found in L. albus clearly exceed those reported for L. angustifolius (Kamel et al 2016)

Summary

Introduction

The genus Lupinus covers 275 species encompassing mostly small-seeded New World species (largeseeded L. mutabilis Sweet being an exception) and 13–15 large-seeded species of the Old World, including three lupin crops—L. albus L., L. angustifolius L., and L. luteus L. (Cardoso et al 2013; Cowling et al 1998a; Pascual 2004; Swiecicki et al 1996, 2001). Apart from its own environmental requirements, each lupin crop has potential benefits in feeding and farming (Brummund and Swiecicki 2011). Apart from the advantages common to other lupins it is characterized by outstanding oil content in seeds (up to 14%) and the highest seed yield (Brummund and Swiecicki 2011). Given these facts, white lupin has a potential as a protein plant, provided that further improvements be achieved with regard to resistance to anthracnose, earliness, and alkaloid content in seeds (Cowling et al 1998b; Swiecicki et al 2015). Decreasing the alkaloid content in breeding as a basic requirement to use lupins as fodder has been precisely described in literature (Brummund and Swiecicki 2011; Hackbarth and Troll 1956; Kamel et al 2016)

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