Quantitative analysis of metabolites in urine by anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

Spontaneous anti-Stokes Raman spectra have been measured for urine to which glucose, acetone, or urea was added artificially, for urine including glucose, acetone, and urea simultaneously, and for urine of diabetics. The anti-Stokes Raman spectra obtained are all free from the interference from fluorescence and show a high signal-to-noise ratio. In the present system both Raman scattering from a sample and the reference beam from a laser are introduced into a monochromator simultaneously, making precise measurements of Raman intensities possible. The concentration of glucose, acetone, or urea in urine which includes one particular component artificially has been determined by the intensity of an anti-Stokes Raman band at 1130, 789, or 1016 cm−1, respectively. The correlation coefficient (R) between the concentration of glucose, acetone, or urea and the Raman intensity has been calculated to be 0.997, 0.96, and 0.97, respectively. The concentrations of glucose, acetone, and urea in urine including the three components simultaneously have also been determined by the intensities of the three bands. In this case, the R values have been found to be 0.92, 0.95, and 0.93 for glucose, acetone, and urea, respectively. In addition, the concentration of glucose in urine of the diabetics has been determined by the present anti-Stokes Raman system. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospect 3: 113–120, 1997