Abstract
Early childhood children tend to make musical expressions watching other children or the teacher’s piano accompaniment. However, it has not been inspected yet how eye movement is affected by music. To provide the optimized procedure to capture eye movement’s characteristics reflecting music, the statistical technique was used to evaluate effective parameters. In this study, eye trackers (Tobii Glasses 2) were used to acquire data of eye movements during musical expression of early childhood children and to conduct quantitative analysis. 3-year-old, 4-year-old, and 5-year-old children in two early childhood facilities (n=58) participated in eye-tracking while singing multiple songs of major and minor. This paper focuses on saccade (rapid eye movement) and gaze behaviors of early childhood children and mainly conducts, a three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the acquired data (age * facility*tonality). As a result, it was found that the number of occurrences of saccade and the total moving distances of saccade showed a statistical significance between means regarding differences in the tonality of major/minor key of songs, and childcare forms.
Highlights
Students’ experience with their subject tutors may largely affect their desire and/or interest in pursuing the subject as a course of study or career in the subject area
This study could not be said to be without limitations, especially considering the coverage and the level and/or rigor of statistical analysis employed. As exploratory study, it may be highly appreciated for its lead role in the call for re-examining the role ABTLA could play in skills, competency and academic performance among Ghanaian students at this critical stage of our development where skills and competency is considered a critical requirement for job placement in general and the Ghanaian setting in particular
The study concludes that there is a high level of awareness of ABTLA usage and/or application in enhancing skills, competency and academic performance among Ghanaian students
Summary
Students’ experience with their subject tutors may largely affect their desire and/or interest in pursuing the subject as a course of study or career in the subject area This may affect their academic performance in the subject of study. There could be varying means by which students may experience their subject tutors, namely, during class contact hours, carefully having close personal observation of the tutor’s personal life experiences among others. These may have the great potency of influencing the students’ interest and academic performance in the subject is the direct experience gained by students during class contact hours. A subject tutor could possibly use these contact hours to make a significant bearing on the students by using good teaching methods including disposition, heightening the likelihood of impacting the students’ academic performance
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