Abstract
ABSTRACT To evaluate the performance of Real Time Control (RTC) of urban drainage systems (UDS) a comparison is made with the pre-RTC situation, making the RTC performance dependent on the functioning of the UDS prior to implementation. To standardise things, a generalised baseline is formulated here as the operation with optimal static settings of the UDS. Two maximum theoretical potential performances are then calculated, one including and one excluding system limitations. These are combined with the generalised baseline to form Realised Potential Indicators (RPIs), objective values which indicate the proximity of the RTC strategy to its maximum potential. The proposed methodology was demonstrated on the case study of Eindhoven, the Netherlands. The results obtained show that using RPIs allows for a more objective assessment and improved understanding of the efficacy of different RTC procedures. Additionally, the RPIs can provide an indication if RTC is sufficient to achieve the desired UDS performance.
Highlights
Awareness of the anthropogenic impact on natural waters has resulted in increasingly stringent regulations, aiming to reduce pollution loads to natural water bodies and other recipients
To evaluate the performance of Real Time Control (RTC) of urban drainage systems (UDS) a comparison is made with the pre-RTC situation, making the RTC performance dependent on the functioning of the UDS prior to implementation
Two maximum theoretical potential performances are calculated, one including and one excluding system limitations. These are combined with the generalised baseline to form Realised Potential Indicators (RPIs), objective values which indicate the proximity of the RTC strategy to its maximum potential
Summary
Awareness of the anthropogenic impact on natural waters has resulted in increasingly stringent regulations, aiming to reduce pollution loads to natural water bodies and other recipients. Through combined sewer overflows (CSOs) and overloading of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), can contribute significantly to the degradation of these recipients (Wang 2014; Quijano et al 2017; Soriano and Rubió 2019). Increased urbanisation and climate change are projected to exacerbate these impacts (Semadeni-Davies et al 2008; Astaraie-Imani, Kapelan, and Butler 2013) These negative effects can be reduced or mitigated through the construction of additional in-sewer storage, expanding WWTP facilities, dis connecting the stormwater runoff and reducing the impervious fraction of land cover (Frehmann et al 2002; Thomas and Crawford 2011). Utilising the existing infrastructure in the most optimal way has become a key strategy to mitigate above adverse effects in the urban environment
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