Abstract
Abstract This study quantifies the potential impact of Pakistan’s greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policies pertaining to coal-fired power plants on power sector emissions. Policies for improvement in coal-fired generation efficiency and carbon capture and storage (CSS) retrofitting for sizable increase in planned coal-based capacity are evaluated. Emission reduction potential, fuel input requirements and emission mitigation costs are estimated by scenario analysis using Pakistan’s bottom-up power sector model. The results show that the impact of coal plant efficiency scenario in emission reduction is limited despite significant fuel cost savings that result in negative abatement costs. Alternatively, CSS retrofitting scenario requires more input fuel due to efficiency penalty but has a substantially higher potential in reducing GHG emissions by capturing the CO2 emissions. However, high cost of CO2 capture makes it economically unviable. While efficiency improvement provides a cost-effective measure for mitigating GHG emissions in the short run, large-scale deployment of CSS in the long run can potentially mitigate 36 times as much CO2 emissions. Its commercial viability, however, depends on capital cost reduction and favorable carbon pricing regime in the future.
Published Version
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