Abstract
germinal centres can be differentiated by the type of in situ signal seen: infected mononuclear cells give a localized signal over a single cell, and trapped virions give a diffuse signal over germinal centres. The use of radioactive probes allows an estimate of viral copy number to be made (calculated using the specific activity of the probe, the number of silver grains formed in a given time exposure of the autoradiograph and the efficiency of silver grain formation), while microscopy linked to a quantitative image analysis system allows the number of silver grains formed in a given area of the lymphoid tissue to be counted automatically. Quantitative image analysis also allows the percentage of lymphoid tissue per section to be estimated and, consequently, the total amount of lymphoid tissue per gram of fixed tissue to be calculated. The validity of this type of quantitative analysis was confirmed by Haase and colleagues in two ways. First, cells carrying known numbers of viral genomes per cell (previously analysed by northern blotting) were injected into lymphoid
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