Abstract
Grated inlets have the normal function of collecting the surface runoff into sewer networks, but when the flow exceeds the capacity of the sewer pipes and conduits get pressurized, an outflow from the sewer manholes and grates can occur. In this case, the grate produces an energy loss in the outflow from sewer to street that could be hydraulically quantified characterizing this kind of flow. Energy loss analysis in trash racks can be found in technical literature, but no specific studies on sewer grate inlets have been found. For this reason, some experiments in full scale were developed in the hydraulic laboratory of the Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) in order to quantify hydraulic energy losses associated with flow through grated inlets during surcharging conditions. The main goal of this research work was to experimentally quantify the values of the local loss coefficient k for two different surcharged real scale grated inlets existing in Barcelona. For the tested overflows between 20 and 50 L/s, a range from 0.25 to 3.41 was observed for k coefficients under different average velocities of reference and different flow conditions.
Highlights
In the last years, several studies in the field of urban flood risk management have focused on urban pluvial floods produced by a poor surface drainage capacity [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The energy loss coefficients of two different grated inlets were obtained for different combinations of platform geometry and different surcharged outflow crossing the grate produced by surcharged pipes
The experimental campaign simulated the outflow from surcharged sewer systems through two grated inlets commonly used in Barcelona
Summary
Several studies in the field of urban flood risk management have focused on urban pluvial floods produced by a poor surface drainage capacity [1,2,3,4,5,6]. When a dual drainage approach is used to study the interactions between surface flow (street level) and underground flows (sewer level), the inlets are the key elements linking both systems. Entrance from the street to sewer has been studied by many authors and several procedures are established in the technical literature. Some methods like the Hydraulic Engineering Circular No 22 (HEC-22) procedure [13]. Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) methodology [14] were published and incorporated in commercial software like InfoWorks. The flow transfer between the sewer network and surface level produced when the sewer is pressurized has not deeply examined or, at least, has not received the same level of attention
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