Quality Parameters of Polyherbal Formulation of Three Different Marketed Brands of Vilwadi Gutika: A Comparative Evaluation Study

Abstract

Background: Ayurveda is a highly beneficial medical system due to its natural components that effectively eliminate disease causes, restore balance, and prevent further recurrence. Polyherbal formulations are highly popular due to their wide therapeutic range, making them safe at high doses and producing minimal negative effects when taken improperly. The goal of this study was to standardize the efficacy and quality of commercial herbal tablet formulations. Methods: Three marketed samples of vilwadi Gutika ware used for the study. After authentication of the samples, the phytochemical stander like determination of pH, ash value, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, water soluble extractive, alcohol and soluble extractive were determined. In vitro anti-microbial activity was determined using Agar well diffusion method and the anti – inflammatory activity of Vilwadi tablet of different ayurvedic agency was assessed by in- vitro HRBC (Human Red Blood Cells) membrane stabilization method. Results: The physicochemical properties of polyherbal pills met Pharmacopeial criteria, including pH, ash value, hardness, and friability. Sample 1 was the most acceptable, with a noticeable hardness (0.93) for rapid disintegration. The sample 3 (Vilwadi gutika – Arya Vaidya Pharmacy, Coimbatore) exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against E. coli, Staphylococcus sp, and Candida sp, while sample 1 showed the highest activity against E. coli and Staphylococcus sp, and less activity against Candida sp. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity shown that at concentration of 100µg / ml, the test compound inhibited 66.6 % of RBC haemolysis as compared with 54.16 % produced by Indomethacin (positive control) at 100µg / ml. Conclusion: The investigation reveals that the Viladi gutika herbal formulation can be standardized using a scientific quality control technique, meeting Indian pharmacopoeia requirements for tablet dosage form, with further research needed to analyze other characteristics. Keywords: Viladi gutika, anti-microbial activity, anti-inflammatory activity.