Abstract
BackgroundThe various parts of Cresecentia cujete have some important biological activities. In folklore medicine leaves are used to treat hematomas, tumors and hypertension. Fruit decoction is used to treat diarrhea, stomachaches, cold, bronchitis, cough, asthma, and urethritis. The present study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential of C. cujete leaves and stem bark. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by in vitro human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method and antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method.MethodsIn vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method while in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated using cultures of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by disc diffusion method. Total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of the crude extract and fractions were also determined by Folin–Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent and by aluminium chloride method, respectively.ResultsThe crude ethanol extract (CEE) of leaves and bark (concentration of each 1.0 mg/ml) demonstrated strong membrane stabilizing activity (53.86 and 61.85 % protection, respectively), whereas their chloroform fractions (CHF) revealed moderate activity (48.74 ± 0.56 and 43.55 ± 6.20 %, respectively) compared with standard aspirin (concentration 0.10 mg/ml) which showed 75.81 % protection in this test. All the samples showed a dose dependent anti-inflammatory activity in HRBC membrane stabilization test. Total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) of the crude extract and fractions were also determined. Again, in in vitro antibacterial study, the extractives exhibited potent antibacterial activity.ConclusionResults from this study showed that the leaves and bark of C. cujete possessed anti-inflammatory as well as antibacterial activities indicating that the plant extract has therapeutic potential against the bacterial infection and also have effect on disease processes by causing destabilization of biological membranes.
Highlights
The various parts of Cresecentia cujete have some important biological activities
Plant material C. cujete leaves and bark samples were collected from University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Total phenolic (TPC) expressed in terms of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) of crude ethanol extract (CEE) and chloroform fractions (CHF) of C. cujete leaves were 28.07 ± 9.47 and 247.56 ± 24.06 mg of GAE/g of extract, respectively; whereas that of bark were 111.43 ± 10.65 and 234.83 ± 13.15 mg of GAE/g of extract, respectively
Summary
In folklore medicine leaves are used to treat hematomas, tumors and hypertension. The present study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential of C. cujete leaves and stem bark. The subject of drugs is as old as disease and the search for remedies to combat it is perhaps old and for more than a millennium, herbal medicine has been extensively used, apparently safely and effectively to alleviate various symptoms of disease [1]. Inflammatory diseases including different types of rheumatic diseases are very common throughout the World [5]. The rheumatism is one of the oldest known diseases of mankind and affects a large population of the world and no substantial progress has been made in achieving a permanent cure. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used throughout the Parvin et al BMC Res Notes (2015) 8:412 world for the treatment and management of inflammation, pain and fever. Adverse effects associated with NSAIDs can lead to ulcers and hemorrhage
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