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Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a design for a preclinical and clinical quality control (QC) phantom system and validated the performance of the multi-modality system. The QC phantom system can be easily built with complicated shapes using three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology. An Objet Eden 3D printer (Stratasys Ltd., USA) was used to fabricate a 3D multi-material phantom. The 3D-printed phantom composed of two main parts with QC disk units to support both X-ray imaging and nuclear imaging, which were imaged on a Inveon PET system (Siemens Medical Solutions, Knoxville, USA) and a micro-CT system (Nano Focus Ray co. Ltd. Polaris-G90, South Korea) scanner and reconstructed. The spillover ratio (SOR), non-uniformity, recover coefficients (RC) and spatial resolution were assessed using NEMA NU 4-2008 image quality phantom to compare the pixel-value statistics. Finally, the uniformity and the Hounsfield Units (HU) for computed tomography (CT) were assessed by examining a disk-type phantom. A custom phantom was created using a 3D printer. This phantom offered efficient control of the multi-modality system (CT/PET/SPECT) and was able to accommodate the flexibility of changing quality parameters for a multi-modality system by changing the QC disk in a standard manner. A further refinement of the phantom construction process is needed for routine use.
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