Abstract
Kumu injection (KMI) is a common-used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation made from Picrasma quassioides (D. Don) Benn. rich in alkaloids. An innovative technique for quality assessment of KMI was developed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with chemometric methods and qualitative and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS). Nigakinone (PQ-6, 5-hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one), one of the most abundant alkaloids responsible for the major pharmacological activities of Kumu, was used as a reference substance. Six alkaloids in KMI were quantified, including 6-hydroxy-β-carboline-1-carboxylic acid (PQ-1), 4,5-dimethoxycanthin-6-one (PQ-2), β-carboline-1-carboxylic acid (PQ-3), β-carboline-1-propanoic acid (PQ-4), 3-methylcanthin-5,6-dione (PQ-5), and PQ-6. Based on the outcomes of twenty batches of KMI samples, the contents of six alkaloids were used for further chemometric analysis. By hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), radar plots, and principal component analysis (PCA), all the KMI samples could be categorized into three groups, which were closely related to production date and indicated the crucial influence of herbal raw material on end products of KMI. QAMS combined with chemometric analysis could accurately measure and clearly distinguish the different quality samples of KMI. Hence, QAMS is a feasible and promising method for the quality control of KMI.
Highlights
It is well known that high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most common techniques used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic compounds, especially in a complex multi-component system
With the Relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranging from 0.8% to 1.2%, the results shown in Table 4 clearly demonstrated that the present method was durable for the determination of Relative Correction Factors (RCFs), and these RCFs could be reliable for quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) determination of PQ-1 through
ESM—external standard method, and its content was determined by calibration equation method; QAMS—quantitative analysis multi-components by single marker, and its content was determined by RCFs; SD—standard deviation; Sig. (2-tailed)-two paired t-test results; Total-the sum of the six alkaloid contents in each batch
Summary
It is well known that high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most common techniques used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of organic compounds, especially in a complex multi-component system. Molecules 2018, 23, 856 and qualitative and quantitative analysis of multi-component by single marker (QAMS) It has played an important role in many fields of research and production regulation, ESM for quality control and evaluation of multi-component system has become challenging in some cases due to the high cost of some reference standards, complexity and chemical diversity, the instability of detection, and many other uncertainties [1,2,3]. The present research was aimed to develop an innovative technique for quality assessment of KMI using HPLC combined with chemometric and QAMS methods, which would provide both qualitative and quantitative insight for such a complex multi-component system with a single reference standard under the same optimal chromatographic conditions
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