Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phytochemicals and Anti-microbial Activity of Madhuca bourdillonii (Gamble) Lam.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative analysis of Madhuca bourdillonii extracts and demonstrate its biological activities. The results of phytochemical analysis showed that the leaf water extract consists of more amount of total phenolics and tannins respectively of 7.4 mg of gallic acid/g and 113.28 mg%. Flavonoid content was found to be more in water extract of bark amounting to 40.73 mg of quercetin/g while the acetone extract of leaves showed more amounts of alkaloids accounting to 30.25 mg%. All the extracts of leaves and stems were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and pathogenic fungi using agar disc diffusion as well as well diffusion assays and subsequently MIC and MBC values were determined. Among all the bacteria tested, S. flexneri was most susceptible in both the assays exhibiting a zone of inhibition of 12.4 mm & 14.2 mm and 12.2 mm & 14.6 mm respectively for water and acetone extracts of bark. The IC50 values were found to be in the range of 4.52 - 31.34 mg/ml for all the tested bacteria. Among the fungal species tested, C. albicans was found to be susceptible with a zone of inhibition of 7.63 mm for bark water extract in disc diffusion assay and 12.36 mm with leaf ethanol extract in well diffusion assay. The IC50 values were found to be 12.37 - 31.65 mg/ml for C. albicans and F. oxysporium. The results show that Madhuca bourdillonii has excellent anti-bacterial properties which might help the development of novel lead drugs for treatment of various diseases.