Abstract
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are wireless networks formed by several nodes communicating on a peer-to-peer basis without being connected to any fixed infrastructure. These nodes could be laptop computers, personal digital assistants, mobile phones or sensors dispersed in an area to measure certain data and send the information to a larger node. Where a source node and a destination node are not within direct range, they communicate through multi-hop routing, i.e. nodes in between them relay messages between source and destination. The routing protocol plays a key role in finding and maintaining the route in MANETs. Routing protocol can be a uni-path and multi-path. A multipath routing protocol is designed to increase the reliability in MANET. This research work focuses on Quality of Service (QoS) based evolution of multipath routing protocol. For this purpose, diverse type of simulation scenarios is designed to find the impact of mobility, increasing the number of nodes and pause time in MANETs. The results revealed that multipath routing protocol has comparatively less delay (percentage decrease of 81.52%). While unipath routing protocols have less packet drop ratio (percentage decrease of 47.78%) and routing overhead (percentage decrease of 99.30%).
Highlights
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is the type of Ad hoc Networks; It is the collection of nodes, i.e. mobiles, laptops, etc. which do not require any fixed physical infrastructure, i.e. access points
When the pause time is 2 Sec, average packet drop rate is lowest for Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), and highest for Multipath Dynamic Address Routing (M-Dynamic Address Routing (DART)) means it is low for Unipath but high for multipath protocols
When the pause time is 5 Sec, average packet drop rate is lowest for Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and highest for M-DART means it is low for Unipath but high for multipath protocols
Summary
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is the type of Ad hoc Networks; It is the collection of nodes, i.e. mobiles, laptops, etc. which do not require any fixed physical infrastructure, i.e. access points. Each node act as a source, destination or a relay station, which is used to send data to the destination. Multipath routing can be classified into three types proactive, reactive and hybrid as shown in figure 1 [3]. In Proactive Multipath Routing, a routing table is prepared for each node whether there is a requirement to send data or. Saman Shakir et al.: QoS Based Evaluation of Multipath Routing Protocols in Manets not, while in reactive routing path is established when needed only. Reactive routing is composed of two parts: Route discovery is done when a new path is needed to send data to a destination, RREQ packets are flooded to all the neighbours of the source and RREP is sent to the source through the route reversal process or piggy backing from the destination. Route maintenance is the process to maintain the paths or to detect the path failures, RERR is generated and sent to the source if the path is broken and again a route discovery process is created to establish a new path
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