PW248 Smoking Even Without Comorbidities Is A Major Risk Factor For Early Cardiovascular Structural And Functional Abnormalities

Abstract

Early evolutionary thinkers accepted as a given that evolution had a direction, and that therefore some plan or goal was inherent in the evolutionary process. Darwin effectively removed such thinking by establishing that evolution was “only” a process that adapted organisms to be well suited to survive and reproduce within their respective environments. While some evolutionists craft their own definition of progress such that evolution does meet their definition, there really is no scientific definition—only subjective definitions of the term “progress”. Since progress implies that something is getting better, it really cannot be a scientific concept. Science describes what is, not what should be in terms of “better”. Since nature is filled with imperfection at all levels, and extinction is the certain end for the great majority of species, progress seems most definitely not to be a trend or goal of the evolutionary process. Evolution is rather affected significantly by opportunity and contingency, not by any plan or trend involving “progress”.