Abstract
The integration of renewables into power systems has led to multiple studies and analysis in terms of grid-power quality, reliability, and/or feasibility. Among different resources to be considered as alternative energy systems, wind and solar emerge as the most mature technologies. With regard to photovoltaic (PV) installations, monitoring problems requires detailed analysis, since solar-radiation fluctuations, soiling on solar panels, or deficiency of PV-panel performance can involve unexpected power-output oscillations and, subsequently, undesirable power-generation oscillations. Under this framework, this paper describes and assesses a wireless low-cost PV-module monitoring system based on open-source solutions. Our proposal allows us to monitor installations at the PV-module level, giving detailed information regarding PV power-plant performance. The proposed monitoring system is based on the IEC-61724 standard requirements, as a flexible and ad hoc solution with relevant connectivity options. Meteorological and electrical data are collected from the developed nodes and available for subsequent analysis. Detailed information of the solution, as well as extensive results collected in Spanish PV power plants connected to the grid, are also included in the paper.
Highlights
Most developed countries have promoted policies and initiatives to achieve sustainability by reducing energy dependence and emissions
According to previous works and contributions of the authors in PV monitoring [32], this paper proposes a flexible, low-cost, and user-friendly monitoring system based on open-source prototyping boards for PV power plants according to the IEC-61724 standard requirements
Several Internet of Things (IoT) architectures can be deployed at the device, gateway, and cloud layers [74]
Summary
Most developed countries have promoted policies and initiatives to achieve sustainability by reducing energy dependence and emissions. Real-time monitoring technologies can provide relevant local and accurate information to ensure the control and reliability of the grid [19] To achieve these goals, and according to Colak et al [20], current power systems should be modernized in terms of sensing, communication, measurement, and automation technologies. An extensive comparison of monitoring and transmission systems is included in this contribution Another solution based on wired/wireless sensor-network technologies for in situ solar-panel monitoring is discussed in [27]. ZigBee-based wireless technology is proposed in [28] to provide online monitoring systems for PV power plants connected to the grid. According to previous works and contributions of the authors in PV monitoring [32], this paper proposes a flexible, low-cost, and user-friendly monitoring system based on open-source prototyping boards for PV power plants according to the IEC-61724 standard requirements.
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