PURIFICATION OF WATER FROM PHENOL BY BACTERIA OF THE GENUS PSEUDOMONAS IMMOBILIZED ON NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC CARRIERS

Abstract

Aim. Optimization of the process of water purification from phenol using bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas (P. cepacia ONU327, P. fluorescens ONU328, P. maltophilia ONU329) immobilized on natural and synthetic carriers. Methods. The concentration of phenol in water was determined by extraction-photometric method using 4-aminoantipyrin. For purification of water from phenol (with a concentration of 200 mg / l) non-pathogenic individual strains of bacteria P. fluorescens ONU328, P. maltophilia ОNU329, P. cepacia ОNU327, immobilized on carriers of different nature (zeolite, mussel doors, river sand, ceramic rings, activated carbon, high peat, synthetic carrier type "VIYA"). Results. There were experimentally confirmed that adhesion of cells of the bacterial strains of P. cepacia ONU327, P. fluorescens ONU328, P. maltophilia ONU329 to zeolite, river sand (which practically do not sorb phenol) contributed to the effective biodegradation of phenol by 96–100% (depending on the selected strain bacteria). The residual concentration of phenol in water during its treatment (for 11 days) by cells of P. fluorescens ONU328 strain or P. maltophilia ONU329 strain immobilized on zeolite decreased from 200 mg / l to 8.0±0.95 mg / l (water purification from phenol (α) – 96%) and up to 2.0±0.14 mg / l (α = 99%) – when using immobilized cells of the strain P. cepacia ONU327. It was established that when river microorganisms-destructors were immobilized on the river sand, the residual concentration of phenol in water on the 11th day of treatment was 6.0 ± 0.55 mg / l (α = 97%) and 2.0±0.14 mg / l (α = 99%) – respectively for the strains of P. maltophilia ONU329 and P. fluorescens ONU328; and reached the level of maximum permissible concentration (MPC = 0.001 mg / l) – in the case of river cells of strain P. cepacia ONU327 immobilized in the sand of the river. It was established experimentally that the acceleration of water purification from phenol occurred when using cells of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas (P. cepacia ОNU327, P. fluorescens ONU328) immobilized on ceramic tubes and a fibrous nozzle of the “VIYA” type. Within 5 days of exposure, the degree of water purification from phenol immobilized on the fibrous attachment of the VIYA type by destructive microorganisms, taking into account the control correction (native unmodified sorbent of the VIA type) reached 97% – as a result of the action of the strain P. cepacia ONU327; and 99% – as a result of the strain P. fluorescens ONU328. Conclusion. To accelerate the purification of water from phenol (for 5 days) by 97–99%, it is recommended to use the strains of the bacteria P. cepacia ONU327 and P. fluorescens ONU328 immobilized on a fibrous nozzle of the type "VIYA". Full dephenolization of water is observed when it is treated with the strains of bacteria P. cepacia ONU327, P. fluorescens ONU328, which are immobilized separately on activated carbon, river sand (for the strain P. cepacia ONU327) and on the mussel doors (for the strain P. fluorescens ONU328), respectively.