Purification of aqueous media from toxicants carbon-mineral sorbent

Abstract

To purify aquatic environments from various toxicants, we obtained a carbon-mineral sorbent from the reed stems of the South (Phragmitesaustralis) by carbonization. At the stage of carbonization of the crushed reed, a carcass, containing carbon and silicate constituents, is formed. Depending on the type of feedstock and the carbonization temperature of the organic component, the content of the silicate component varies in the range of 20-30%. The process is carried out until a sorbent containing 70-80% of the carbon component, 29-19% of the silicate component and 1% of water is obtained. The adsorption capacity of the obtained carbon-mineral sorbent towards to medium and macromolecular organic compounds, and heavy metals was studied. As a result, it was established that the carbon-mineral sorbent obtained from the reed stems of the South (Phragmitesaustralis) has moderately distributed sizes of macro- and micropores. The presence of two constituents, carbon and silicate, in the structure of the obtained sorbent promotes the sorption of phenols, hydrocarbons, barbiturates, cholesterol derivatives, aminoglycosides, anthracyclines and other compounds, as well as ions of heavy metals, which makes it possible to use a sorbent in the chemical industry for purification of sewage, natural waters and it can be proposed for the purification of biological fluids.