Abstract
BackgroundIn the modern society, aging had been a major problem. People may rely on many medicines to delay it. However, lots of medicines were chemosynthetic, and they would do a bad side-effect on human body. Microbial sources could be used as a potential means of producing natural antioxidants. Lentinus edodes, commercial obtained in daily life, had recently become more attractive in physiological research. Zinc was now considered as a major element in assuring the correct functioning of an organism and essential for maintaining coordination of the major homeostatic networks. To investigate the bioconversion of zinc and the physiological effects of their complex (MZPS), the present studies were processed.MethodsMycelia polysaccharides (MPS) and mycelia zinc polysaccharides (MZPS) of Lentinus edodes SD-08 were extracted by hot water leaching and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose anion-exchange column chromatography separately. The zinc content was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The evaluation of monosaccharide compositions and proportions used gas chromatogram. The analysis of molecular weight used HPGPC chromatogram. The typical structure of polysaccharide was evaluated by IR spectrum. The antioxidant activities in vitro measured through reducing power, the scavenging effects on hydroxyl radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The anti-aging activities in vivo measured through the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), GSH peroxide (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA).ResultsMPS and MZPS of Lentinus edodes SD-08 were extracted and purified by DEAE-52 cellulose anion-exchange column chromatography separately, and four fractions (MPS-1, MPS-2, MZPS-1 and MZPS-2) were obtained. In addition, MPS composing of rhamnose, arabinose and mannose (molar proportion = 1.75:1.00:3.02) and MZPS containing rhamnose, arabinose, mannose and glucose (molar proportion = 7.19:2.26:1.00:8.39) were investigated by gas chromatography. Infrared spectrum analysis indicated that there were C-H, C=O and -CH2 bonds in MPS and MZPS. MPS also had the typical absorption of -NH3+, -NH2 and -COOH. Compared with MPS, MZPS showed in vitro positive rising of reducing power and certain scavenging effects on hydroxyl radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. MZPS were found to upregulate in vivo the anti-aging activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), GSH peroxide (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decrease the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA).ConclusionsMZPS effectively showed potential anti-aging activities in vivo and antioxidant activities in vitro, and the molecular constituents, chemical bonds and functional groups of MZPS were superior to MPS, suggesting that the MZPS of L. edodes SD-08 could be used as a potential natural antioxidant.
Highlights
In the modern society, aging had been a major problem
mycelia zinc polysaccharides (MZPS) effectively showed potential anti-aging activities in vivo and antioxidant activities in vitro, and the molecular constituents, chemical bonds and functional groups of MZPS were superior to Mycelia polysaccharides (MPS), suggesting that the MZPS of L. edodes standard deviation (SD)-08 could be used as a potential natural antioxidant
Purification and antioxidant ability in vitro The results of MPS and MZPS purification were shown in Figure 1, and four fractions were obtained by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography, namely MPS-1, MPS-2, MZPS-1 and MZPS-2
Summary
Microorganism and cultural conditions L. edodes SD-08 was from our laboratory at 4°C and maintained on synthetic potato dextrose agar (PDA) slants. The content of MPS or MZPS was determined by phenol–sulfuric acid method, using glucose as standard [13]. Analysis of polysaccharides Determination of zinc content MPS and MZPS (0.1 g) were weighed severally, and added 5 mL HNO3 and 2 mL HClO4 and let the mixture standing overnight. The homogenates were centrifuged (6000 r/min) at 4°C for 20 min and the supernatants were stored at –20°C for the evaluation of the activities of the enzyme and nonenzyme total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA). The mixture contained 0.2 mL tissue sample and 2 mL of 0.6% thiobarbituric acid (TBA, w/v), after heating in boiling water for 15 min, cooling rapidly, centrifuged at 3000 r/min for 10 min, and the supernatant was used for the determination of MDA level. Determination of parameters of MPS and MZPS were processed and analyzed using SPSS 16.0
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