Public Transportation Availability and Alcohol Impaired Driving Among Young Adult Pub Patrons in Israel

Abstract

Background The availability of public transportation has been studied mainly regarding promoting an active lifestyle and encouraging physical activity. Accessible public transportation near entertainment areas including pubs and restaurants may prevent alcohol-impaired driving (AID) by offering a safe alternative to get back home, as alcohol-impaired driving is a well known risk factor for car crashes and injuries, especially among young adults. The aim of this study was to examine the association between availability of public transportation and young adult pub patrons' intent to drive under the influence of alcohol after exiting pubs. Methods The current study is a cross-sectional survey conducted among 1079 pub patrons between the ages 19-35, exiting one of 31 surveyed pubs in 13 Israeli cities. Sidewalk interviews and breath alcohol tests were performed outside the pubs during weekend nights. Each interviewee was asked first to fill out a paper and pencil survey questionnaire, and then to blow into a Drager Alcotest® 6510 Breath Alcohol Screening Device. In addition, the interviewers also fill in an observation protocol for each pub, including information on the pub's physical environment, and on whether there is an accessible bus station near the pub area operating during the night and on weekends. Results Nine percent of all respondents reported that they intend to drive, although according to their BrAC test they were impaired (BAC >0.05%). The study results indicate that the availability and accessibility of public transportation within the immediate vicinity of the pub may be a protecting factor against AID (OR=0.27, 95%CI=0.08-0.87). Patrons exiting pubs in which there was an accessible public transportation nearby were less likely to intend to drive under the influence of alcohol. Conclusions This study suggests that the existence of public transportation near drinking locations may decrease AID rates among young adult pub patrons.