Abstract
The aim of this research work was to reveal specific peculiarities of young swimmers training, taking into account their pubescence in terms of the long-term training concept. During the research it was defined that methodological support of spots training for a long-term period should contain not only prognostic model of prospective results achievement. It also should analyze individual peculiarities of pubertal period. During the research we used the official results of competitions protocols, the results of general and special physical readiness tests, resume of the leading swimming coaches. For statistical data handling we used quantitative variables, presented in a form ± of a standard error of the mean value (М ± m). The results were considered as statistically significant in terms of р < 0,05. Correlation analysis is realized using Pearson correlation coefficient. The held research helped to define typical characteristics of pubertal period in teen-agers swimmers, timely correct the training process. It was stated that athletes adaptation to the training and competitive loads in pubertal period was characterized by different degree of sports results increase and correlated with the intensity of hormonal changes. The boys with distinct features of pubertal period were the leaders at short distances, but showed coordinating abilities decrease. The athletes, whose somatic-gender changes didn’t have extreme indices or had prolonged duration, showed stable sports results increase mainly at long distances.
Highlights
Typical specificity of a long-term sports training happens during pubescence cycle [1]
Analyzing the dynamics of effectiveness during 50 meters distance overcoming with free style it was defined that among teen-agers of (n1 -9) group there was considerable increase of straight parts overcoming; the first 25 meters 14.57±0,38s. till 13.00 ±0,11s., the 2nd 25 meters 16,20±0,24s. till 15,33±0,12 s. at the beginning of the academic year and at the end of the academic year
If we consider the level of adaptation to physical loads according to the research results at bicycle ergometer we revealed that athletes of the accelerated type achieved submaximal HR indices in case of the load 100 W during the 10th minute of step increasing load for 25 W each 2 minutes, among (n2 -16) and (n3 -7) group athletes submaximal HR indices were defined in terms of the load 100 W during the 13th minute of testing
Summary
Typical specificity of a long-term sports training happens during pubescence cycle [1]. As a result of this concept of trainings, their correct content for a long-term period, the future prospective qualities determination should be realized based on individual characteristics of athletes’ morpho-functional formation [3,8,11]. In a modern concept of teen-age sports development many specialists [12,14,15,16,17] consider selection realization reasonable after pubertal period. In this connection there appeared the necessity to study the dynamics of sports indices in pubertal period boys (13-14 years-old), who go in for swimming. For the research work it is interesting to study unstable sports results at different distances during competitive and preparatory periods of a yearly training cycle in athletes of this age group
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