Abstract
Granulitic xenoliths enclosed in Plio-Quaternary alkali basalts from the Middle Atlas (Morocco) include mafic meta-igneous and aluminous metasedimentary rocks. The meta-igneous xenoliths are considered to represent both cumulates emplaced in the lower crust and associated magmatic liquids. The metasedimentary granulites are sillimanite- and garnet-rich rocks and represent the solid residue left behind during partial melting and extraction of a granitic magma. Such an association is quite common and is probably characteristic of the lower crust in general. This highlights the key role of underplating of mafic magmas, through associated granulitic metamorphism and partial melting, in the evolution of the lowermost crust.
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