Abstract
IntroductionMuscle dysmorphia is a contemporary subject of interest officially inscribed in the DSM- 5 in 2013 under the body dysmorphic disorder “muscle dysmorphia”. It does not yet have its own nosographic entity. MethodCochrane, Ebsco, PsycInfo, Pubmed, Science Direct and Web of science data bases have been used, spanning from 1993 to 2017. ResultsThe prevalence of muscle dysmorphia varies in physically active or non-active populations, young or adult. As proof, no current consensus exists on its prevalence on the overall population as the number of people afflicted varies from study to study. Prevalence going from 5.9% to 44% in literary review. This fluctuation can be explained by a difference of prevalence depending on the population under study and its own risk factors. Furthermore, the many studies undertaken showed the large occurrence of comorbidities in an externalized aspect: consumption of dietary supplements, taking of performance enhancing substances, body checking, overtraining and suicide attempts. There are also heavy comorbidities in an internalized aspect: anxiety disorders, social anxiety, depression, mood swings, low esteem of body image, alexithymia, obsession over one's body for not being muscular enough and low enough in body fat. Discuss/conclusionMuscle dysmorphia mainly affects men partaking in bodybuilding for aesthetic reasons, in order to adhere to an internalized physical ideal that social factors have pressured them into following. The perspective of future research and therapeutic treatment create an opportunity to fill in the gaps in the corpuses of said investigated research.
Published Version
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